ABSTRACT
Prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, women did nearly threequarters of the world's unpaid work. As institutional supports, including inperson school and community-based care for children, the elderly, and the disabled vanished early in the pandemic, many women's caregiving responsibilities increased. In some cases, opportunities for paid employment disappeared due to layoffs and furloughs, while in others, paid work was no longer possible without access to the missing institutional supports. Either way, access to needed supports-financial, practical, and social-was diminished. The lapse of needed supports also had severe impacts on subgroups of women, including pregnant and post-partum women. A range of considerations-vaccine safety, social interaction and infection risk, disease severity-have posed serious challenges for pregnant and post-partum women. Across the board, women's need for continuous access to better social, financial, and practical supports at home, in the community, and in the workplace was made even more evident by the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023 The authors.